Biostatistics
Intention-To-Treat (ITT) vs. Per-Protocol (PP) analysis: what to choose?
Differences between and characteristics of the Intention-To-Treat (ITT) vs. Per Protocol (PP) principles: which is the method of choice for the primary analysis of your clinical trial?
What to consider when planning the sample size for a non-interventional study
The determination of an "adequate" sample size is an essential part of the statistical planning process. Depending on your type of non-interventional study design and your specific study objectives, there are different approaches for the planning of your sample size [...]
Don’t panic: It’s only the Simpson’s Paradox
Your results on the overall patient level contradict results on the subgroup level? There is no need to panic. With a deeper look into the data, one can get to the bottom of this observation. [...]
Stuck in the middle – mean vs. median
The mean value of numerical data is without a doubt the most commonly used statistical measure. Anyone who has a basic statistical background knows how to calculate the (arithmetic) mean. However, sometimes the median is used as an alternative to the mean. [...]
Statistical testing in non-interventional studies (NIS)
In this article we would like to address the question whether it is useful to perform statistical testing in the context of a NIS, as it is often requested by the sponsor, and why, if tests are performed, we should handle their results with caution.
